What is the indicator organism for waterborne pathogens?

The coliform group is considered the primary indicator organism for waterborne pathogens due to its presence in the intestines of warm-blooded animals and its association with fecal contamination. Testing for coliforms helps assess the safety of water supplies, as the presence of these bacteria suggests that the water may be contaminated with potentially harmful pathogens that can cause diseases in humans.

Coliform bacteria are abundant and can be detected easily using standard microbiological testing methods. They serve as a reliable surrogate for the presence of fecal contamination because they are found alongside many harmful microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, and protozoa. Monitoring coliform levels in water sources enables public health officials to evaluate the possibility of contamination and take necessary actions to protect human health.

Other options may also indicate contamination, but they do not serve the same broad purpose as the coliform group. While Staphylococcus aureus can be associated with foodborne illnesses and Enterococcus is useful for indicating fecal contamination particularly in recreational waters, they aren't as universally applicable across all types of waterborne pathogen assessments. Giardia lamblia, a protozoan parasite, indicates a specific type of contamination related to certain conditions rather than serving as a general indicator for pathogens. Thus, the coliform group