How is a water quality index (WQI) calculated?

A water quality index (WQI) provides a comprehensive assessment of water quality by integrating various parameters into a single score. This approach allows for a more complete representation of the overall health of a water body than assessing individual parameters separately. Each parameter reflects different aspects of water quality, such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, and the presence of contaminants. By synthesizing these multiple factors, the WQI can effectively communicate the overall suitability of the water for various uses, such as drinking, recreation, or habitat for aquatic life.

This combined score makes it easier for stakeholders, such as policymakers, environmentalists, and the public, to understand water conditions and to make informed decisions regarding water management and pollution control. The ability to distill complex data into a single number enhances the utility of water quality assessments in practical applications.